What are the powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States?

The powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States are known as reserved powers. This terminology stems from the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which explicitly states that any powers not delegated to the federal government nor prohibited to the states are reserved for the states or the people.

These reserved powers include a broad range of authorities that allow states to legislate on issues such as education, transportation, and local law enforcement, reflecting the principle of federalism inherent in the U.S. political system. By ensuring that states maintain certain powers, the Constitution promotes a balance of authority, allowing states to address their specific needs and circumstances.

In contrast, delegated powers refer specifically to those powers expressly granted to the federal government by the Constitution, while enumerated powers are a subset of delegated powers that are explicitly listed. Concurrent powers are those that are shared by both the national and state governments, such as the power to tax. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the framework of power distribution within the U.S. government system.